Foresight is increasingly used to explore future EU policies. Foresight methodology combines an evidence-based approach – including literature review, surveys and trend analysis – with the imagination of possible futures, usually based on expert views and scenarios. The application of foresight to long-term decision-making is usually referred to as strategic foresight. Used in a policy context as 'policy foresight', it is mostly used in agenda setting, strategic planning or to support policy design. Scenarios can be exploratory or normative, aiming at fixed policy outcomes. Because foresight seeks to improve policymaking by anticipating future developments, policy considerations are often part of foresight reports, sometimes followed by strategies. All EU institutions engage in foresight, and so do several Member States. Since 2019, foresight has been part of the portfolio of one or more members of the European Commission. The Commission publishes annual foresight reports, while its Joint Research Centre conducts more in-depth foresight projects. The European Parliament's Policy Foresight Unit and its predecessors have been conducting foresight since 2015. Since 2022, the Council of the EU publishes an annual 'Forward Look', while other EU institutions apply foresight to topics that fall into their remit. Nine EU institutions and bodies cooperate in the European Strategy and Policy Analysis System (ESPAS), which holds an annual foresight conference and publishes a Global Trends Report every five years. Recent trend analyses from EU institutions, such as the Global Trends Report, point to challenges for the EU's resilience through social fragmentation, a lack of technological sovereignty and innovation, economic dependencies, environmental risks and geopolitical rivalry. Forward-looking publications search for answers to the 'poly-crisis' in which the EU has found itself since the COVID 19 pandemic. Common objectives of current EU policy foresight, as expressed in reports and strategies, include reducing the EU's external dependencies, increasing the EU's resilience and enhancing its capacity to act. Achieving (open) strategic autonomy – sometimes referred to as 'sovereignty' – runs as a red thread through many EU policy foresight reports. Source : © European Union, 2025 - EP Read more