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EU Fact Sheets - Posting of workers - 28-05-2026

This fact sheet explains the concept of posted workers – employees sent by their employer to work temporarily in another EU country – and outlines why and how the practice of posting workers is regulated under EU law. It presents the EU laws that aim to e
Documents - Think Tank - European Parliament

EU Fact Sheets - Posting of workers - 28-05-2026

This fact sheet explains the concept of posted workers – employees sent by their employer to work temporarily in another EU country – and outlines why and how the practice of posting workers is regulated under EU law. It presents the EU laws that aim to ensure fair competition when services are provided across EU borders while also protecting the social rights of posted workers. It concludes by highlighting the European Parliament’s work in driving reform, to improve regulation and enforcement. Source : © European Union, 2026 - EP

Michigan’s Whitmer walks back comment saying she won’t run for president in 2028

Whitmer, term-limited after two gubernatorial wins in her battleground state, has been widely viewed as a potential Democratic candidate.
Post Politics

Michigan’s Whitmer walks back comment saying she won’t run for president in 2028

Whitmer, term-limited after two gubernatorial wins in her battleground state, has been widely viewed as a potential Democratic candidate.

Michigan Gov. Gretchen Whitmer says she won’t run for president in 2028

Whitmer, term-limited after two gubernatorial wins in her battleground state, had been widely viewed as a potential Democratic candidate.
Post Politics

Michigan Gov. Gretchen Whitmer says she won’t run for president in 2028

Whitmer, term-limited after two gubernatorial wins in her battleground state, had been widely viewed as a potential Democratic candidate.

Supreme Court sides with Mississippi man on death row in racial bias case

For two decades, Terry Pitchford has agued his conviction was not valid, pointing to what he says were racially biased selections of the jurors who heard the case.
Post Politics

Supreme Court sides with Mississippi man on death row in racial bias case

For two decades, Terry Pitchford has agued his conviction was not valid, pointing to what he says were racially biased selections of the jurors who heard the case.

At a Glance - Research for TRAN Committee - Pricing of E-Charging for Electric Cars and Onshore Power Supply in Ports - 28-05-2026

This study examines pricing in public EV charging and onshore power supply (OPS), focusing on transparency, comparability, market structure and cost drivers across the EU. It assesses whether prices appear reasonable or potentially excessive and identifies po
Documents - Think Tank - European Parliament

At a Glance - Research for TRAN Committee - Pricing of E-Charging for Electric Cars and Onshore Power Supply in Ports - 28-05-2026

This study examines pricing in public EV charging and onshore power supply (OPS), focusing on transparency, comparability, market structure and cost drivers across the EU. It assesses whether prices appear reasonable or potentially excessive and identifies policy options to improve consumer protection, fairness and investment conditions. This document was prepared by FIER Sustainable Mobility at the request of the Committee on Transport and Tourism. Source : © European Union, 2026 - EP

Briefing - Women in agriculture in the EU - 28-05-2026

Women remain under-represented in EU agriculture, particularly as farm managers, while much of their contribution as spouses and unpaid family workers remains invisible and unrecognised. Around one third of EU farms are managed by women, but structural barrie
Documents - Think Tank - European Parliament

Briefing - Women in agriculture in the EU - 28-05-2026

Women remain under-represented in EU agriculture, particularly as farm managers, while much of their contribution as spouses and unpaid family workers remains invisible and unrecognised. Around one third of EU farms are managed by women, but structural barriers persist in land ownership, inheritance, access to resources, and policymaking. Patrilineal land transfer patterns continue to limit women's access to farmland, EU common agricultural policy (CAP) subsidies, and decision-making roles. Existing data, including Eurostat figures, capture female farm holders but overlook the scale of informal and unpaid labour performed by spouses (mainly women) on farms, resulting in an incomplete picture. Research highlights that the CAP remains largely gender-blind, despite EU commitments to gender equality. The European Parliament has consistently addressed gender equality in agriculture through multiple resolutions, highlighting women's key role in rural economies while calling for more targeted support and better gender-disaggregated data. The proposed multiannual financial framework for the years 2028 to 2034, with its new structure of bringing several sectoral rules under a single legislative framework, would elevate gender equality to a structurally embedded horizontal principle across several EU policy areas, including agriculture – a sector where gender mainstreaming has historically been treated as an afterthought. Source : © European Union, 2026 - EP

Briefing - Combating firearms trafficking and other firearms-related offences - 28-05-2026

The aim of the initiative is to combat firearms trafficking and other firearms-related offences so as to increase citizens' protection against the threat posed by illicit firearms. The impact assessment (IA) identifies three problems relating to the high numb
Documents - Think Tank - European Parliament

Briefing - Combating firearms trafficking and other firearms-related offences - 28-05-2026

The aim of the initiative is to combat firearms trafficking and other firearms-related offences so as to increase citizens' protection against the threat posed by illicit firearms. The impact assessment (IA) identifies three problems relating to the high number of illegal firearms on the EU territory, challenges in cross-border cooperation to fight firearms-related crimes, and insufficient data in this area. It defines four specific objectives linking problem drivers to problems, and consequences. In addition to the baseline scenario, the IA describes four partially overlapping policy options and assesses their social, economic, fundamental rights, digitalisation and youth impacts. Owing to insufficient reliable data, most of the impacts are not quantified. Moreover, the IA seems to rely uncritically on the assumption that enhanced regulation would have greater positive impacts. The regulatory costs are assessed and quantified in more detail, although there are inconsistencies in the presentation of the figures. The IA does not discuss impacts on data protection and privacy, although certain measures may affect both. The IA compares the policy options according to the criteria of effectiveness, efficiency, coherence, and proportionality. However, the methodology is rather confusing and lacks adequate explanation. It is not always clear why an option scores better than another, and stated objectives seem to be taken as evidence of impact. The IA describes a monitoring and evaluation framework, which includes relevant indicators linked with the specific objectives. It also provides for an evaluation study to be carried out no earlier than five years after the deadline for transposition. The IA is based on a broad consultation of relevant stakeholders, whose views are extensively discussed and considered throughout the IA. The lack of comprehensive and reliable data on firearms-related offences and cases is one of the major challenges of the IA. The IA discusses data limitations and, whenever possible, uses qualitative information (case studies) to compensate for the lack of reliable quantitative data. Despite these efforts, data limitations continue to cast doubt over some of the assertions included in the IA. According to the IA, the text was revised to implement the Regulatory Scrutiny Board (RSB) comments from the second opinion (which was positive with reservations), but without providing explanations about what was changed. Some of the shortcomings identified by the RSB have not been fully addressed. For example, the intervention logic described in the IA does not fully justify whether the harmonisation of minimum and maximum penalties would reduce illicit firearms activities. The proposal appears to follow the preferred policy option identified in the IA. Source : © European Union, 2026 - EP

Study - Libertà d’impresa, una prospettiva di diritto comparato: Belgio - 28-05-2026

Questo studio fa parte di un progetto più ampio, il cui scopo è quello di analizzare, nella prospettiva del diritto comparato, la libertà d’impresa in diversi ordinamenti giuridici. Dopo una breve introduzione storica e l’illustrazione del diritto posi
Documents - Think Tank - European Parliament

Study - Libertà d’impresa, una prospettiva di diritto comparato: Belgio - 28-05-2026

Questo studio fa parte di un progetto più ampio, il cui scopo è quello di analizzare, nella prospettiva del diritto comparato, la libertà d’impresa in diversi ordinamenti giuridici. Dopo una breve introduzione storica e l’illustrazione del diritto positivo e della giurisprudenza applicabili, vengono esaminati il contenuto, i limiti e la possibile evoluzione di tale libertà. Il presente studio è dedicato alla libertà d’impresa nell’ordinamento giuridico belga. La libertà d’impresa trova il suo equivalente, nel diritto belga, nella libertà d’intraprendere. Essa non è consacrata dalla Costituzione, ma la Corte costituzionale si è dichiarata competente, sulla base degli artt. 10 e 11, a controllare la validità di una legge che determini una lesione del principio di uguaglianza rispetto a tale libertà. Essa ha inoltre valore di legge speciale e si impone alle entità federate, mentre la Corte di cassazione ha riconosciuto che si tratta di un principio di ordine pubblico. Source : © European Union, 2026 - EP

Briefing - Options for the responsible governance of research on solar radiation modification - 28-05-2026

Methods to reflect sunlight, known as solar radiation modification (SRM), have received growing attention as a potential complementary approach to address climate change, in addition to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, carbon dioxide (CO2) removal and adapt
Documents - Think Tank - European Parliament

Briefing - Options for the responsible governance of research on solar radiation modification - 28-05-2026

Methods to reflect sunlight, known as solar radiation modification (SRM), have received growing attention as a potential complementary approach to address climate change, in addition to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, carbon dioxide (CO2) removal and adaptation. SRM could lower temperatures by reducing the amount of sunlight that reaches the Earth's surface. In 2024, the EU's Group of Chief Scientific Advisors issued a scientific opinion on SRM, followed in October 2025 by reports from the United Kingdom's (UK's) Royal Society and the French Academy of Sciences. Also that October, an Israeli-US startup received US$60 million (€51 million) of funding for SRM research and experiments. In May 2025, the UK launched a £56.8 million (€66 million) programme to explore the feasibility, safety and governance of climate cooling approaches. While various international agreements apply to it, there is no comprehensive framework to regulate SRM. It is also unclear which international organisation should be in charge of developing such a framework. The Convention on Biological Diversity decided on a de-facto moratorium on outdoor SRM activities, while the United Nations (UN) Environment Assembly discussed the governance of SRM without reaching a consensus. The EU insists on application of the precautionary principle to SRM and supports related risk assessments. The European Parliament calls for an EU-wide moratorium on the use of SRM and advocates a global SRM governance framework based on a firm stance of non-deployment. This briefing summarises the state of knowledge about various proposed SRM methods and associated risks, explains their potential role in global climate action, gives an overview of the existing rules for SRM research and development, and outlines options for the future governance of SRM research. Source : © European Union, 2026 - EP

Trump’s approval plunges among his White working-class base

In a striking shift, White voters without college degrees that voted to reelect Trump by a huge margin are now net-negative on his job approval.
Post Politics

Trump’s approval plunges among his White working-class base

In a striking shift, White voters without college degrees that voted to reelect Trump by a huge margin are now net-negative on his job approval.

After stern words from Trump, U.S. and Iran trade strikes

The renewed violence came after the president said Iran was wrong if it thought he would feel pressure to make concessions and resolve the standoff before U.S. midterm elections later this year.
Post Politics

After stern words from Trump, U.S. and Iran trade strikes

The renewed violence came after the president said Iran was wrong if it thought he would feel pressure to make concessions and resolve the standoff before U.S. midterm elections later this year.

U.S. and Iran trade fresh strikes as Trump holds to maximum demands

The strikes on an Iranian launch site and a U.S. base in the region followed a warning from Trump that if Iran didn’t start acceding to demands, the U.S. would “finish them off.”
Post Politics

U.S. and Iran trade fresh strikes as Trump holds to maximum demands

The strikes on an Iranian launch site and a U.S. base in the region followed a warning from Trump that if Iran didn’t start acceding to demands, the U.S. would “finish them off.”

EU Fact Sheets - Recovery assistance for cohesion and the territories of Europe (REACT-EU) - 27-05-2026

This fact sheet explains the purpose of REACT-EU, which was a programme that was established in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and mobilised funding forthe years 2021 and 2022.The fact sheet outlines the positions of the EU institutions in the negotiation
Documents - Think Tank - European Parliament

EU Fact Sheets - Recovery assistance for cohesion and the territories of Europe (REACT-EU) - 27-05-2026

This fact sheet explains the purpose of REACT-EU, which was a programme that was established in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and mobilised funding forthe years 2021 and 2022.The fact sheet outlines the positions of the EU institutions in the negotiations on REACT-EU, especially with regard to the programme’s budget. IthighlightsParliament’s role in the process in particular, including the work of its Committee on Regional Development. Source : © European Union, 2026 - EP

EU Fact Sheets - Employment policy - 27-05-2026

This fact sheet explains the evolution and key elements of EU employment policy, from its origins to current priorities. It outlines the 1997 European employment strategy, the commitments to improve the labour market in the Europe 2020 strategy, and the Europ
Documents - Think Tank - European Parliament

EU Fact Sheets - Employment policy - 27-05-2026

This fact sheet explains the evolution and key elements of EU employment policy, from its origins to current priorities. It outlines the 1997 European employment strategy, the commitments to improve the labour market in the Europe 2020 strategy, and the European Pillar of Social Rights Action Plan (2021), which raised ambitions further. Member States retain primary responsibility for employment policy, but EU law plays a role in specific areas and the EU monitors how employment policy is implemented. Source : © European Union, 2026 - EP

EU Fact Sheets - Outermost regions - 27-05-2026

This fact sheet explains the special status of the European Union’s nine outermost regions – territories of France, Portugal and Spain that lie far from the European continent and face distinct geographical, economic and social challenges. It outlines th
Documents - Think Tank - European Parliament

EU Fact Sheets - Outermost regions - 27-05-2026

This fact sheet explains the special status of the European Union’s nine outermost regions – territories of France, Portugal and Spain that lie far from the European continent and face distinct geographical, economic and social challenges. It outlines the legal basis for EU support, the financial instruments and policy frameworks through which the EU compensates for these constraints, and the active role Parliament has played in championing the specific needs of these regions. Source : © European Union, 2026 - EP

U.S. strikes drone launch site, as Trump holds to maximum demands on Iran

President Donald Trump's remarks at a Cabinet meeting differed from his statements over the weekend that an agreement to end the war with Iran was close.
Post Politics

U.S. strikes drone launch site, as Trump holds to maximum demands on Iran

President Donald Trump's remarks at a Cabinet meeting differed from his statements over the weekend that an agreement to end the war with Iran was close.

Trump holds to maximum demands on Iran; U.S. strikes drone launch site

President Donald Trump's remarks at a Cabinet meeting differed from his statements over the weekend that an agreement to end the war with Iran was close.
Post Politics

Trump holds to maximum demands on Iran; U.S. strikes drone launch site

President Donald Trump's remarks at a Cabinet meeting differed from his statements over the weekend that an agreement to end the war with Iran was close.

Trump holds to maximum demands on Iran, threatens more strikes

President Donald Trump's remarks at a Cabinet meeting differed from his statements over the weekend that an agreement to end the war with Iran was close.
Post Politics

Trump holds to maximum demands on Iran, threatens more strikes

President Donald Trump's remarks at a Cabinet meeting differed from his statements over the weekend that an agreement to end the war with Iran was close.

Study - Research for TRAN Committee - Pricing of E-Charging for Electric Cars and Onshore Power Supply in Ports - 27-05-2026

This study examines reasonable pricing in public EV charging and onshore power supply (OPS), focusing on transparency, comparability, market structure and cost drivers across the EU. It assesses whether prices appear reasonable or potentially excessive and id
Documents - Think Tank - European Parliament

Study - Research for TRAN Committee - Pricing of E-Charging for Electric Cars and Onshore Power Supply in Ports - 27-05-2026

This study examines reasonable pricing in public EV charging and onshore power supply (OPS), focusing on transparency, comparability, market structure and cost drivers across the EU. It assesses whether prices appear reasonable or potentially excessive and identifies policy options to improve consumer protection, fairness and investment conditions. This document was prepared by FIER Sustainable Mobility at the request of the Committee on Transport and Tourism. Source : © European Union, 2026 - EP

Briefing - Briefing on the 79th World Health Assembly - 27-05-2026

This briefing provides information on the 79th World Health Assembly (WHA), held in Geneva, Switzerland, from 18 to 23 May 2026. It explains the functioning of the WHO and the significance of the WHA. It also provides an overview of the key agenda items of th
Documents - Think Tank - European Parliament

Briefing - Briefing on the 79th World Health Assembly - 27-05-2026

This briefing provides information on the 79th World Health Assembly (WHA), held in Geneva, Switzerland, from 18 to 23 May 2026. It explains the functioning of the WHO and the significance of the WHA. It also provides an overview of the key agenda items of the 79th WHA, together with comments and references to measures adopted by the European Parliament and the European Union in relation to the issues addressed during the Assembly. One of the WHO’s most important recent achievements is the adoption of the WHO Pandemic Agreement in May 2025. The PABS Annex to the Agreement is currently under negotiation. The Annex is intended to ensure that researchers and pharmaceutical companies have timely access to pathogens in order to accelerate the development of vaccines, treatments, and other medical countermeasures during future pandemics. Once the PABS Annex has been finalised, countries may proceed with the signature and ratification of the Pandemic Agreement. Source : © European Union, 2026 - EP

Why some Republicans are worried about Ken Paxton as a Senate nominee

Few politicians have garnered as much scandal in Texas as Paxton, but he has ignited the MAGA base, who see him as a fighter.
Post Politics

Why some Republicans are worried about Ken Paxton as a Senate nominee

Few politicians have garnered as much scandal in Texas as Paxton, but he has ignited the MAGA base, who see him as a fighter.

Paxton crushes Cornyn in Senate primary in a big win for MAGA

John Cornyn became the second Republican senator to lose his seat in less than two weeks. A Trump endorsement helped propel Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton to a more than 25-point victory.
Post Politics

Paxton crushes Cornyn in Senate primary in a big win for MAGA

John Cornyn became the second Republican senator to lose his seat in less than two weeks. A Trump endorsement helped propel Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton to a more than 25-point victory.

Did Trump pick the right blue for the Reflecting Pool? We asked a pool guy.

Old Glory Blue? American Flag Blue? Let's reflect on all the shades, while a federal judge mulls «aesthetic injury» in Trump's latest decorating flourish.
Post Politics

Did Trump pick the right blue for the Reflecting Pool? We asked a pool guy.

Old Glory Blue? American Flag Blue? Let's reflect on all the shades, while a federal judge mulls «aesthetic injury» in Trump's latest decorating flourish.

MAGA candidate Paxton defeats Senate stalwart Cornyn in Texas primary

The president’s preferred candidate, Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton, has faced numerous scandals, while Sen. John Cornyn failed to excite the base.
Post Politics

MAGA candidate Paxton defeats Senate stalwart Cornyn in Texas primary

The president’s preferred candidate, Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton, has faced numerous scandals, while Sen. John Cornyn failed to excite the base.

Texas Democrats reject House candidate who called for imprisoning Zionists

The runoff was a test of whether the Democratic Party could successfully distance itself from a left-wing candidate whom leaders called antisemitic.
Post Politics

Texas Democrats reject House candidate who called for imprisoning Zionists

The runoff was a test of whether the Democratic Party could successfully distance itself from a left-wing candidate whom leaders called antisemitic.

Study - Tomorrow's Primary Forests: The feasibility of realising novel primary forests in the western part of Europe - 26-05-2026

Primary forests are large, self-regulating ecosystems of exceptional ecological importance. In Europe, they are rare, fragmented, and pressured by infrastructure, and intensive forestry. Their strict protection is urgent for biodiversity conservation, climat
Documents - Think Tank - European Parliament

Study - Tomorrow's Primary Forests: The feasibility of realising novel primary forests in the western part of Europe - 26-05-2026

Primary forests are large, self-regulating ecosystems of exceptional ecological importance. In Europe, they are rare, fragmented, and pressured by infrastructure, and intensive forestry. Their strict protection is urgent for biodiversity conservation, climate mitigation, and other ecosystem services. Novel Primary Forests (NPFs) are large, self-regulating forests with minimal human intervention under development that offer a strategic way to restore ecological integrity and enhance climate and socio-economic benefits. This study evaluates the feasibility, ecological foundations, and socio-economic conditions for establishing NPFs in western Europe, where only small relics of original primary forests remain. Building on earlier studies, it focuses on areas supporting a contiguous core zone of more than 10 000 hectares unmanaged reserve, forming – together with a buffer zone of low-intensity managed forest – a protected area of more than 70 000 hectares, and embedded in a large socio-economic transition zone. Key criteria were selected and applied to promising regions and National Parks. The study combines literature review, policy analysis, and field assessments to create an evidence-based framework for strategic planning. Examples from Bayerischer Wald-Šumava, Canigou-Canigó, Gerês-Xurés and Hohes Venn-Eifel show feasibility across contexts. Finally, seven policy options are proposed, focusing on innovation, finance, and legal permanence for NPFs. Together, they translate the biodiversity-climate goals of the European Green Deal into an operational framework enabling NPFs to deliver long term benefits for nature conservation, climate mitigation, and adaptation across the EU. Source : © European Union, 2026 - EP

Study - Tomorrow's Primary Forests:The feasibility of realising novel primary forests in the western part of Europe - 26-05-2026

Primary forests are large, self-regulating ecosystems of exceptional ecological importance. In Europe, they are rare, fragmented, and pressured by infrastructure, and intensive forestry. Their strict protection is urgent for biodiversity conservation, climat
Documents - Think Tank - European Parliament

Study - Tomorrow's Primary Forests:The feasibility of realising novel primary forests in the western part of Europe - 26-05-2026

Primary forests are large, self-regulating ecosystems of exceptional ecological importance. In Europe, they are rare, fragmented, and pressured by infrastructure, and intensive forestry. Their strict protection is urgent for biodiversity conservation, climate mitigation, and other ecosystem services. Novel Primary Forests (NPFs) are large, self-regulating forests with minimal human intervention under development that offer a strategic way to restore ecological integrity and enhance climate and socio-economic benefits. This study evaluates the feasibility, ecological foundations, and socio-economic conditions for establishing NPFs in western Europe, where only small relics of original primary forests remain. Building on earlier studies, it focuses on areas supporting a contiguous core zone of more than 10 000 hectares unmanaged reserve, forming – together with a buffer zone of low-intensity managed forest – a protected area of more than 70 000 hectares, and embedded in a large socio-economic transition zone. Key criteria were selected and applied to promising regions and National Parks. The study combines literature review, policy analysis, and field assessments to create an evidence-based framework for strategic planning. Examples from Bayerischer Wald-Šumava, Canigou-Canigó, Gerês-Xurés and Hohes Venn-Eifel show feasibility across contexts. Finally, seven policy options are proposed, focusing on innovation, finance, and legal permanence for NPFs. Together, they translate the biodiversity-climate goals of the European Green Deal into an operational framework enabling NPFs to deliver long term benefits for nature conservation, climate mitigation, and adaptation across the EU. Source : © European Union, 2026 - EP

Briefing - Drug trafficking in the EU: A growing threat and how the EU tackles it - 26-05-2026

Drug trafficking poses a growing threat to citizens' wellbeing, and to EU security and the economy. As one of the primary revenue streams for organised crime, it fuels violence, corruption and instability – with over half of the EU's most dangerous crimina
Documents - Think Tank - European Parliament

Briefing - Drug trafficking in the EU: A growing threat and how the EU tackles it - 26-05-2026

Drug trafficking poses a growing threat to citizens' wellbeing, and to EU security and the economy. As one of the primary revenue streams for organised crime, it fuels violence, corruption and instability – with over half of the EU's most dangerous criminal networks deeply involved. The EU's affluent consumer base sustains demand, while its internal market, extensive transport networks and open borders make it an attractive destination for illicit drugs. Over the past decade, the scale and sophistication of drug trafficking operations have grown exponentially, with criminal networks exploiting global supply chains, digital platforms and socioeconomic weaknesses to expand their operations. The impact is considerable. Beyond generating massive criminal profits, drug trafficking harms public health, undermines communities and undermines the legal economy, e.g. through money-laundering or corruption. Moreover, the drugs trade incites violence and other criminal activity, causes environmental damage, erodes democratic institutions and strengthens corruption, threatening the rule of law. In response, the EU has adopted a multi-faceted strategy, combining law enforcement, judicial cooperation, prevention and global partnerships. The European Parliament has been instrumental in shaping legislation, securing funding and pushing for accountability. Recent policies – such as the EU drugs strategy and EU action plan against drug trafficking – reflect a proactive and adaptive approach, while EU Justice and Home Affairs agencies play a critical role in intelligence-sharing and cross-border operations. Drug markets are rapidly changing and are increasingly sophisticated, driven by globalisation, digitalisation, and increased violence. The EU is fighting back with a strategy and actions focused on law enforcement, international cooperation, and prevention. But the challenge is growing: globalised, digital, and more violent – and the EU is aware of the need to adopt a proactive and adaptive approach. Success in the fight against drug trafficking depends on sustained cooperation between EU institutions, law enforcement and other national authorities, civil society, businesses, and international partners to cut supply, reduce demand, and protect European citizens. Source : © European Union, 2026 - EP

Study - Tomorrow's Primary Forests:The feasibility of realising Novel Primary Forests in the western part of Europe - 26-05-2026

Primary forests are large, self-regulating ecosystems of exceptional ecological importance. In Europe, they are rare, fragmented, and pressured by infrastructure, and intensive forestry. Their strict protection is urgent for biodiversity conservation, climat
Documents - Think Tank - European Parliament

Study - Tomorrow's Primary Forests:The feasibility of realising Novel Primary Forests in the western part of Europe - 26-05-2026

Primary forests are large, self-regulating ecosystems of exceptional ecological importance. In Europe, they are rare, fragmented, and pressured by infrastructure, and intensive forestry. Their strict protection is urgent for biodiversity conservation, climate mitigation, and other ecosystem services. Novel Primary Forests (NPFs) are large, self-regulating forests with minimal human intervention under development that offer a strategic way to restore ecological integrity and enhance climate and socio-economic benefits. This study evaluates the feasibility, ecological foundations, and socio-economic conditions for establishing NPFs in western Europe, where only small relics of original primary forests remain. Building on earlier studies, it focuses on areas supporting a contiguous core zone of more than 10 000 hectares unmanaged reserve, forming – together with a buffer zone of low-intensity managed forest – a protected area of more than 70 000 hectares, and embedded in a large socio-economic transition zone. Key criteria were selected and applied to promising regions and National Parks. The study combines literature review, policy analysis, and field assessments to create an evidence-based framework for strategic planning. Examples from Bayerischer Wald-Šumava, Canigou-Canigó, Gerês-Xurés and Hohes Venn-Eifel show feasibility across contexts. Finally, seven policy options are proposed, focusing on innovation, finance, and legal permanence for NPFs. Together, they translate the biodiversity-climate goals of the European Green Deal into an operational framework enabling NPFs to deliver long term benefits for nature conservation, climate mitigation, and adaptation across the EU. Source : © European Union, 2026 - EP

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