Briefing - Dual-use export controls as tools of EU economic security: From coordination to a proactive EU approach - 17-10-2025
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The European Union controls the export of dual-use items and technologies that can be utilised for both civilian and military purposes. This stems from international obligations to counter the proliferation of items with potential military use. Entities plannBriefing - Dual-use export controls as tools of EU economic security: From coordination to a proactive EU approach - 17-10-2025
The European Union controls the export of dual-use items and technologies that can be utilised for both civilian and military purposes. This stems from international obligations to counter the proliferation of items with potential military use. Entities planning to export these items need to obtain authorisation. These controls are administered and enforced at Member State level. Current Regulation (EU) 2021/821 sets common rules on the control of exports, brokering, technical assistance, transit and transfer of dual-use items. Annex I to the regulation, based on internationally agreed controls, lists the dual-use items requiring export authorisation. The Commission periodically amends the list of dual-use items through a simplified delegated regulation. Apart from this annex, which is binding in all EU Member States, the Commission publishes two other lists of export control measures to be taken by Member States. This parallel system means that the EU lacks a uniform, timely and effective control framework, required more than ever during these times of war on Europe's borders. At the same time, evidence shows that Western dual-use items are still feeding Russia's war machine, and the aggressor is hampering expansion of the scope of multilateral non-proliferation agreements. These factors led the Commission to include in its 2025 Annex I update items Russia prevents from being controlled multilaterally. Many experts consider this move an indication that the EU is consolidating powers in export controls to overcome this obstruction. The European Parliament has until 8 November 2025 to raise any objections to the new annex. Source : © European Union, 2025 - EP