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The UK's withdrawal from the EU on 31 January 2020 was followed by a period of tense relations, mainly around the issues concerning implementation of the Protocol on Ireland/Northern Ireland. The economic consequences of Brexit started to materialise. In 2023Briefing - EU-UK relations: Towards a stronger partnership in uneasy times - 16-12-2024
The UK's withdrawal from the EU on 31 January 2020 was followed by a period of tense relations, mainly around the issues concerning implementation of the Protocol on Ireland/Northern Ireland. The economic consequences of Brexit started to materialise. In 2023, the new UK government of Rishi Sunak agreed with the EU on the Windsor Framework, designed to find solutions to issues related to the implementation of the Protocol. A period of gradually improving relations ensued. Russia's war of aggression against Ukraine made it clear that the EU and UK are facing a common threat and need to coordinate their policies better. Progress has been made in an increasing number of fields, from defence, through trade, research and innovation, to competition policies. With the change of leadership in the UK to a Labour government and the emergence of a new political cycle in the EU for 2024-2029, the reset of EU-UK relations has increasingly been gaining momentum. While the UK has made clear that it will not return to the single market or customs union, the government of Keir Starmer has started to engage diplomatically with the EU, with a reset of the relationship as its priority. Both sides are interested mainly in a security and defence pact, the scope of which remains to be defined. The EU's interests include improving mobility into the UK (including youth mobility), maintaining fisheries access, and ensuring rights of EU citizens in the UK. There are also a number of EU programmes that the UK may be considering joining, to mutual benefit, once financial contributions have been negotiated. The negotiations are set to intensify in early 2025. The re-election of Donald Trump may complicate these negotiations, as it is likely to bring disruption, and its effects remain to be seen. The expert community sees possibilities for stronger cooperation on a range of issues such as climate and energy policies, resilience of supply chains, approximation of laws and building the defence industrial base. The European Parliament has been calling in numerous resolutions for closer cooperation in many areas not covered by the current arrangements. Source : © European Union, 2024 - EP Read more
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